| English Name | γ-Butyrolactone |
| English Synonyms | GBL; 4-Hydroxybutanoic acid lactone; Dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one; 1,4-Butanolide; BLO; [Additional aliases condensed] |
| CAS Number | 96-48-0 |
| EINECS Number | 202-509-5 |
| Molecular Formula | C₄H₆O₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 86.09 g/mol |
| InChI | Corrected: InChI=1S/C4H6O2/c5-4-2-1-3(6)4/h1-2H2 (Original InChI was incorrect) |
| Molecular Structure | 
|
| Density | 1.129 g/mL (20°C) (Reconciled: 1.413 g/cm³ likely erroneous) |
| Melting Point | -45°C |
| Boiling Point | 204-206°C at 760 mmHg (Corrected from 358.8°C) |
| Flash Point | 98°C (Closed cup) (Corrected from 185°C) |
| Water Solubility | Miscible |
| Vapor Pressure | 1.36 × 10⁻⁶ mmHg at 25°C |
| Refractive Index | n20D = 1.4348 |
| Physicochemical Properties | • Appearance: Colorless transparent liquid
• Solubility: Miscible with water/organic solvents; slightly soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons
• Viscosity: 1.7 mPa·s (25°C) |
| Applications | • Pharmaceutical intermediate (γ-hydroxybutyrate, pyrrolidones)
• Industrial solvent & paint remover
• Reagent for cyanoacrylate adhesives
• NMP precursor |
| Hazard Symbol | 
Xn: Harmful |
| Risk Phrases | R22: Harmful if swallowed
R36: Irritating to eyes |
| Safety Phrases | S26: In case of eye contact, rinse immediately
S39: Wear eye/face protection |
| Upstream Raw Materials | 1,4-Butanediol, Hydrogen, Maleic Anhydride |
| Downstream Products | N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP), α-Pyrrolidone, α-Bromo-γ-butyrolactone, Cyclopropylamine, Sodium Oxybate (GHB) |
